Tuesday, April 10, 2012

HTML Beginner tutorial 6 HTML Paragraphs

HTML documents are divided into paragraphs.
HTML Paragraphs
Paragraphs are defined with the tag.
For example

The sun rises in the east

Honesty is the best policy

Browsers automatically add an empty line before and after a paragraph.

Don't Forget the End Tag
Most browsers will display HTML correctly even if you forget the end tag.
For example

The sun rises in the east

Honesty is the best policy

The example above will work in most browsers, but don't rely on it. Forgetting the end tag can produce unexpected results or errors.
Future version of HTML will not allow you to skip end tags.

HTML Line Breaks
Use the tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph:
For example

This is a para graph with line breaks

The element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag.

or

In XHTML, XML, elements with no end tag (closing tag) are not allowed.
Even if works in all browsers, writing instead works better in XHTML and XML applications.

HTML Output
You cannot be sure how HTML will be displayed. Large or small screens, and resized windows will create different results.
With HTML, you cannot change the output by adding extra spaces or extra lines in your HTML code.
The browser will remove extra spaces and extra lines when the page is displayed. Any number of lines count as one line, and any number of spaces count as one space.

HTML Text Formatting >>
<< HTML Headings

Sunday, April 8, 2012

HTML Beginner tutorial 5 HTML Headings

Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.
<h1> defines the most important heading.
<h6> defines the least important heading.

For example

Headings Are Important
Use HTML headings for headings only. Don't use headings to make text BIG or bold.
Search engines use your headings to index the structure and content of your web pages.
Since users may skim your pages by its headings, it is important to use headings to show the document structure.
H1 headings should be used as main headings, followed by H2 headings, then the less important H3 headings, and so on.

HTML Lines
The <hr /> tag creates a horizontal line in an HTML page.
The hr element can be used to separate content:

For example

HTML Comments
Comments can be inserted into the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed.

For example

Have you ever seen a Web page and wondered "Hey! How did they do that?"

To find out, right-click in the page and select "View Source" (IE) or "View Page Source" (Firefox), or similar for other browsers. This will open a window containing the HTML code of the page.

HTML Beginner tutorial 6 : HTML Paragraphs >>
<< HTML Beginner tutorial 4 : HTML Attributes

Friday, April 6, 2012

HTML Beginner tutorial 4 : HTML Attributes

Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
HTML Attributes
HTML elements can have attributes
Attributes provide additional information about an element
Attributes are always specified in the start tag
Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value"

For example

HTML links are defined with the <a> tag. The link address is specified in the href attribute:

Always Quote Attribute Values

Attribute values should always be enclosed in quotes.

Double style quotes are the most common, but single style quotes are also allowed.

In some rare situations, when the attribute value itself contains quotes, it is necessary to use single quotes: name='John "ShotGun" Nelson'

Use Lowercase Attributes:

Attribute names and attribute values are case-insensitive.

However, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase attributes/attribute values in their HTML 4 recommendation.

Newer versions of (X)HTML will demand lowercase attributes.

HTML Beginner tutorial 5 : HTML Headings >>
<< HTML Beginner tutorial 3 : HTML Elements

HTML Beginner tutorial 3 HTML Elements

HTML Elements
An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag. The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.

HTML Element Syntax
An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag
An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
Some HTML elements have empty content
Empty elements are closed in the start tag
Most HTML elements can have attributes

Nested HTML Elements
Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements).
HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.

For example:-

The example above contains 3 HTML elements.

The element
The sun rises in the East.

The element defines a paragraph in the HTML document.
The element has a start tag and an end tag .
The element content is: The sun rises in the East.

The <body> element
<body>
The sun rises in the East.
</body>

The <body> element defines the body of the HTML document.
The element has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>.
The element content is another HTML element (a p element).

The <html> element
<html>

<body>
The sun rises in the East.
</body>

</html>

The <html> element defines the whole HTML document.
The element has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>.
The element content is another HTML element (the body element).

Don't Forget the End Tag
Some HTML elements might display correctly even if you forget the end tag:
The sun rises in the East
The sun rises in the East

The example above works in most browsers, because the closing tag is considered optional.
Never rely on this. Many HTML elements will produce unexpected results and/or errors if you forget the end tag .

Empty HTML Elements
HTML elements with no content are called empty elements.

 is an empty element without a closing tag (the tag defines a line break).

In XHTML, all elements must be closed. Adding a slash inside the start tag, like , is the proper way of closing empty elements in XHTML (and XML).

HTML tags are not case sensitive: means the same as . Many web sites use uppercase HTML tags.

W3Schools use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase in HTML 4, and demands lowercase tags in XHTML.

HTML Beginner tutorial 4 : HTML Attributes >>
<< HTML Beginner tutorial 2 : Basic